![]() ![]() The normal mechanisms involved in bone healing and the factors that disrupt the normal signalling mechanisms are addressed. This Primer provides the reader with an in-depth understanding of our contemporary knowledge regarding the important features to be considered when faced with non-union. Non-union represents a chronic medical condition not only affecting function but also potentially impacting the individual’s psychosocial and economic well-being. When the healing process of a fractured bone fails owing to inadequate immobilization, failed surgical intervention, insufficient biological response or infection, the outcome after a prolonged period of no healing is defined as non-union. ![]() The human skeleton has remarkable regenerative properties, being one of the few structures in the body that can heal by recreating its normal cellular composition, orientation and mechanical strength. ![]()
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